{"id":4242,"date":"2024-05-19T17:45:53","date_gmt":"2024-05-19T16:45:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pastfuturetimes.com\/from-shungite-water-to-fullerene-oil\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T08:19:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T07:19:17","slug":"from-shungite-water-to-fullerene-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pastfuturetimes.com\/en\/from-shungite-water-to-fullerene-oil\/","title":{"rendered":"From Shungite Water to Fullerene Oil"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1f6095ff wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:-50px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-ancient-engraving.jpg?resize=600%2C561&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Marcial Waters old engraving\" class=\"wp-image-3993\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-ancient-engraving.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-ancient-engraving.jpg?resize=300%2C281&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-ancient-engraving.jpg?resize=400%2C374&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Marcial Waters<\/em> &#8211; Tsar Peter the Great<br>raises a glass of Shungite Water<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"610\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=610%2C610&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Fullerene C60 in Olive Oil 500ml and Avocado Oil 100ml\" class=\"wp-image-2215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?w=610&amp;ssl=1 610w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-500ml-and-Avocado-Oil-100ml-with-green-border-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fullerene Oil filled in bottles<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0px;font-size:14px\">Image 2<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"606\" height=\"606\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=606%2C606&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Teaspoon with Fullerene Oil in Olive Oil\" class=\"wp-image-6572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?w=606&amp;ssl=1 606w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Teaspoon-with-Fullerene-C60-in-Olive-Oil-PastFutureTimes.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">One teaspoon of Fullerene Oil every morning&#8230;&#8230;..<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:-50px;margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>In advance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"margin-top:10px\">In this story, we outline a bird&#8217;s eye view of the use of Fullerene C60 especially in Europe. Here, we will limit ourselves to the application for physical and mental well-being. We leave aside physical engineering properties and applications that fullerenes also have.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6ce3bf33 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#e7e7e7;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-bottom:-11px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\"><strong>Rock<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A rock formation formed out of black stone. If you could rub a finger over a stone from this formation, you could smell the typical smell of carbon and get black fingers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:-30px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Zazhoginsky-Shungite-mine.jpg?resize=600%2C288&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Zazhoginsky-Shungite-mine.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Zazhoginsky-Shungite-mine.jpg?resize=300%2C144&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Zazhoginsky-Shungite-mine.jpg?resize=400%2C192&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Shungite mine at Zazhoginsky<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:14px\">Image 4<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6ce3bf33 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#e7e7e7;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-bottom:-11px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\"><strong>Karelia<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The rock formation pictured above can be found in Karelia, near the town of Shunga, located on Lake Onega. Shunga is the namesake for the mineral rock called Shungite. Karelia has hundreds of kilometres of border between the Russian Federation and Finland. It has a long tradition of changing rulers, cultural influences and degrees of political-administrative independence. Since 1956, Karelia has been a republic in the north-western European part of the Russian Federation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"margin-top:-29px\">Besides the deposit around Lake Onega in Karelia, Shungite is also found in India, the Republic of Congo, Australia and Kazakhstan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"454\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Country-map-Finland-Russian-Federation-with-Karelia.jpg?resize=454%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3983\" style=\"width:280px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Country-map-Finland-Russian-Federation-with-Karelia.jpg?w=454&amp;ssl=1 454w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Country-map-Finland-Russian-Federation-with-Karelia.jpg?resize=227%2C300&amp;ssl=1 227w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Country-map-Finland-Russian-Federation-with-Karelia.jpg?resize=400%2C529&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>Tsar Peter the Great and the spa <em>Marcial Waters<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In the early 18<sup>th<\/sup> century, Russian Tsar <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_the_Great\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Peter the Great<\/a> (1672-1725) kept frequent and prolonged visits to the rock formation at Shunga. Magically, the lodgings invigorated him. This created his belief in the healing properties of the water and black stone on site. He believed in it so strongly that he required his men to carry a stone of Shungite with them in times of war. He also had fountains mined to make the healing water accessible.<br>At the site, he established a spa he named <em>Marcial Waters<\/em>. Here he arranged for a chapel to be built for the Apostle Peter. This chapel still stands today. A large vessel made of Shungite filled with water is part of the chapel&#8217;s furnishings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6ce3bf33 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#e7e7e7;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"541\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Marcial-Waters-chapel-of-Apostle-Peter.jpg?resize=541%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Marcial Waters chapel of the Apostle Peter\" class=\"wp-image-6602\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Marcial-Waters-chapel-of-Apostle-Peter.jpg?w=541&amp;ssl=1 541w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Marcial-Waters-chapel-of-Apostle-Peter.jpg?resize=271%2C300&amp;ssl=1 271w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Marcial-Waters-chapel-of-Apostle-Peter.jpg?resize=400%2C444&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Marcial Waters chapel of the Apostle Peter<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-Apostle-Peter-chapel-with-Shungite-vessel-inside.jpg?resize=600%2C800&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4013\" style=\"width:450px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-Apostle-Peter-chapel-with-Shungite-vessel-inside.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-Apostle-Peter-chapel-with-Shungite-vessel-inside.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-Apostle-Peter-chapel-with-Shungite-vessel-inside.jpg?resize=400%2C533&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The vessel made of Shungite in the chapel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 6<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>Geological research<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In the outgoing 19<sup>th<\/sup> century, modern scientific research took off. Across Europe, scientists were researching the continent&#8217;s geology. In conjunction with geological knowledge, the countries surrounding Karelia became aware of the peculiarity of the rocks in Shunga. In Finland, as well as in the Baltic states, research on own soil composition was carried out in this context. An example of this is the discovery that in the Finnish region of Suoj\u00e4rvi, bordering the Karelia area, was also rich in Shungite. Below an article in the Finnish newspaper \u2018Mercator\u2019:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6ce3bf33 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#e7e7e7;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\" style=\"margin-bottom:-11px\"><strong>Mercator of 29 September 1916<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"594\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Mercator-Finland-newspaper-from-29-September-1916.jpg?resize=594%2C561&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4098\" style=\"width:560px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Mercator-Finland-newspaper-from-29-September-1916.jpg?w=594&amp;ssl=1 594w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Mercator-Finland-newspaper-from-29-September-1916.jpg?resize=300%2C283&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Mercator-Finland-newspaper-from-29-September-1916.jpg?resize=400%2C378&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-bottom:-11px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\"><strong>Translation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Charcoal discoveries in Olonets.<br>Schungite is also found at Suoj\u00e4rvi.<br>(K. C.) According to Russian newspaper reports, there is talk of coal seam exploitation near the village of Schunga in Olonets.<br>Regarding these reports, Prof. J. J. Sederholm inquired about these coal seams.<br>Prof.   Sederholm explained that the results relate to a type of coal that is even harder and more difficult to burn than anthracite and is similar in nature to graphite. Geologically, this type of coal, named schungite after the place Schunga in Olonets, does not belong to the coal period at all, but to the Jatulium formation of the Precambrian deposits. So the schungite is a much older formation than the coal.<br>According to a former Dutch student who worked as a miner in America, numerous blocks of schungite are also found near the church in Suoj\u00e4rvi. Prof. S. had no further knowledge of the results of these investigations, which, however, were soon abandoned. The area of the Suoj\u00e4rvi find has been mapped by the Geological Service.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>These insights made the whole region aware and sensitive to the special properties of Shungite. Ancient and modern chemical analyses show that Shungite contains between 60% and 95% carbon, depending on the quality. The concentration of fullerenes built up from this carbon (see below) in general and fullerene C60 in particular varies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>Carbon<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">element carbon<\/a> is a natural, elemental building block of the universe. It is the basis of all living beings. In the chemical periodic table, carbon is denoted by <strong>C<\/strong>.<br>Without carbon, there is no life: without carbon, there are no <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Organic_compound\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">organic compounds<\/a>. In variations, it is found in all foods and nutrients. In variations, it is found in all foods and nutrients.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Activated_carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Activated carbon<\/a> (purified carbon) has the ability to filter, clean and bind other substances to itself to prevent alteration and decay.<br>Due to its properties, activated charcoal is used as a remedy for medicinal complaints. <a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norit_(bedrijf)#Medicinaal_Norit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Norit<\/a>, for example, has been produced and ingested since 1912.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>Fullerenes everywhere, naturally on earth and in space<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbon (among other appearances, such as diamond and graphite) can be formed into <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fullerene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fullerenes<\/a> due to very high electromagnetic voltage:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"margin-top:-30px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>naturally by lightning or comet impacts, or volcanic activity or earthquakes; this makes fullerene a naturally occurring building block in space and on earth for millions of years; in the manner, fullerene has found its reflection in the mineral Shungite,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>under laboratory conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4c8cd134 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#eaeaea;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Nobel Prize in chemistry<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">In 1996, the Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/chemistry\/1996\/press-release\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nobel Prize in chemistry<\/a> to two American and a British scientist for the 1985 discovery of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fullerene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fullerenes<\/a>, a chemical group of substances. Fullerenes are made up of multiple compounds of only the atom carbon (C). Part of this group of substances is the molecule fullerene 60 which is a closed formation of 60 carbon atoms (also called Buckminster Fullerene, after the American versatile scientist <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buckminster_Fuller\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Richard Buckminster Fuller<\/a> who theoretically described the structure of molecules like fullerene).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Model-Buckminsterfullerene-C60.jpg?resize=576%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3981\" style=\"width:265px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Model-Buckminsterfullerene-C60.jpg?w=576&amp;ssl=1 576w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Model-Buckminsterfullerene-C60.jpg?resize=288%2C300&amp;ssl=1 288w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Model-Buckminsterfullerene-C60.jpg?resize=400%2C417&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>Biotechnological research<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Following these scientific discoveries, Fullerene C60 was widely experimented with around the world. This carbon compound was found to be well soluble in oil. The question arose as to what effects the solution would produce in a body. It was examined in a biotechnological scientific questionnaire by a group of scientists of international origin at the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Paris.<br>The outcome of the study (published in the year 2012) was astonishing. Fullerene C60 in oil, taken in small amounts with regularity, prolonged the lives of the experimental animals (rats) while shortening was assumed.<br><strong>Read the reserach:<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0142961212003237?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>The prolongation of the lifespan of rats by repeated oral administration of [C60] fullerene<\/strong><\/a><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eaeaea\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:10px\"><strong>The conclusion is:<\/strong><br><br><strong><em>\u201c<\/em><\/strong><em>The effect of pure fullerene C60 on the lifetime highlights the absence of chronic toxicity. These results, obtained with a small sample of animals with an exploratory protocol, demand more extensive research to optimise the intestinal absorption of Fullerene C60, as well as the different parameters of the administration protocol: dose, dosage and treatment duration. In the present case, treatment was stopped when a control rat died on M17 (the 17<sup>th<\/sup> day of the study, A.L.), proving that the effects of treatment with Fullerene C60 are long-lasting.\u201d<\/em><strong><em>\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Until today, worldwide all biotechnological research on the action and application of fullerene C60 is based on its findings. The research shows that Fullerene is an antioxidant that reduces inflammation in bodies. As a result, life energy increases.<br>Our overview of important ongoing international scientific research can be found below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignfull is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pastfuturetimes.com\/en\/international-scientific-research\/\">Overview of international scientific research<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:5px\"><strong>How is Fullerene C60 currently applied?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"margin-top:5px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"margin-top:5px\">As a mineral, Shungite is sold, applied and worn worldwide in the form of healing powder or healing stone,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>as tiles, stones of Shungite are placed in rooms to allow people to experience the purifying effect,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-top:-60px;margin-bottom:-60px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Shungite-room-in-Karelia.jpg?resize=600%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Shungite room in Karelia\" class=\"wp-image-4003\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Shungite-room-in-Karelia.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Shungite-room-in-Karelia.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Shungite-room-in-Karelia.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Shungite room in Karelia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:40px;font-size:14px\">Image 7<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"margin-top:-60px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>as mineral water, water is filtered through Shungite and drunk,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>as a nutritional supplement, Fullerene C60 is dissolved in food oils, sold and ingested worldwide,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fullerene Oil is processed in various types of cosmetics,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>older and recent scientific research on biotechnological applications of Fullerene C60 for a variety of conditions can be found in all online science libraries worldwide (see above).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-border-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-72a7ccbb wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#eaeaea;border-width:2px;background-color:#eaeaea;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:-10px\"><strong>Rounding the circle<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>We end our story with a postage stamp.<br>It was published by the Russian Federation in 2019 to mark the 300<sup>th<\/sup> anniversary of the discovery of the healing properties of <em>Marcial Waters<\/em> by Peter the Great.<br>The stamp shows the tsar together with his wife, standing in front of <em>Marcial Waters\u2019<\/em> scenery next to a water fountain and raising a glass.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"782\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-stamp-by-the-Russian-Federation-from-2019.jpg?resize=782%2C399&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3991\" style=\"width:610px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-stamp-by-the-Russian-Federation-from-2019.jpg?w=782&amp;ssl=1 782w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-stamp-by-the-Russian-Federation-from-2019.jpg?resize=300%2C153&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-stamp-by-the-Russian-Federation-from-2019.jpg?resize=768%2C392&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-stamp-by-the-Russian-Federation-from-2019.jpg?resize=400%2C204&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:-2px;font-size:14px\">Image 8<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, as a sanatorium, the old <em>Marcial Waters<\/em> spa also bears the name <a href=\"https:\/\/martsialnye-vody.ru\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Martsialnye Vody.<\/em><\/a><br>Whether you drink fresh Shungite water, dive into the pool or prefer a relaxing treatment with packs: it can all be done for your well-being!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-401423cd wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:-50px;margin-bottom:-50px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-water-source.jpg?fit=450%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Marcial Waters Water Source\" class=\"wp-image-4018\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/4;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-water-source.jpg?w=450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-water-source.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-water-source.jpg?resize=400%2C533&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Water source<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-swimming-pool.jpg?resize=600%2C503&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Marcial Waters Zwimming Pool\" class=\"wp-image-3985\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/4;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-swimming-pool.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-swimming-pool.jpg?resize=300%2C252&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Marcial-Waters-swimming-pool.jpg?resize=400%2C335&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Swimming pool<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 10<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\" style=\"margin-bottom:-33px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"578\" height=\"418\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-wellness-packings.jpg?resize=578%2C418&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Image 11\" class=\"wp-image-4019\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/4;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-wellness-packings.jpg?w=578&amp;ssl=1 578w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-wellness-packings.jpg?resize=300%2C217&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pastfuturetimes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Martsialnye-Vody-wellness-packings.jpg?resize=400%2C289&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wellness treatments<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px\">Image 11<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Peter the Great, during his time spent at <em>Marcial Waters<\/em> in the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century, had experienced at first hand what biotechnological science would demonstrate from the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century onwards in foundations, application and consistency:<br>His body was invigorated and his mind enlightened. The engraving at the top of our story (from an unknown master) shows the historical depiction of this experience.<br><br>Can you imagine all this?<br>Fascinating!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-ast-global-color-0-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-ast-global-color-0-background-color has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Justification for the images<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Image 1: <a href=\"https:\/\/shungitnpk.ru\/en\/history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shungitnpk.ru<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Images 2+3: <a href=\"https:\/\/pastfuturetimes.com\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pastfuturetimes.com<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Image 4: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biomineralenergy.fr\/blog\/pierre-de-shungite-roche-contres-ondes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Biomineralenergy.fr<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Images 5+6: <a href=\"https:\/\/nordictravels.com\/sights\/marcial-waters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nordictravels.com<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong> <\/strong>Image 7: <a href=\"https:\/\/shungite-c60.com\/shungite-healing-stone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shungite-c60.com<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Image 8: <a href=\"https:\/\/rusmarka.ru\/en\/catalog\/marki\/position\/35057.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rusmarka.ru<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Images 9+10: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tripadvisor.nl\/LocationPhotos-g15100439-w25-Martsialnyye_Vody_Kondopozhsky_District_Republic_of_Karelia_Northwestern_District.html#160904012\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tripadvisor.nl<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Image 11: <a href=\"https:\/\/af.unistica.com\/marcial-waters-karelia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Unista.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 In advance In this story, we outline a bird&#8217;s eye view of the use of Fullerene C60 especially in Europe. Here, we will limit ourselves to the application for physical and mental well-being. We leave aside physical engineering properties and applications that fullerenes also have. Rock A rock formation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"left-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[230],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-backgrounds"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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